Beetle naming: an overview
Slovenian nomenclature
In Slovenia, some species of plants and animals have already been systematically named in Slovene (e.g. Kryštufek & Janžekovič 1999, Martinčič et al. 2007, Verovnik et al. 2012, Vrezec et al. 2020). Naming of beetles was mostly done ad hoc in popular faunal works and was rarely systematic, when it was necessary to inform the general public about a group of species due to their economic importance (Titovšek 1988), or to present species of European conservation importance in Slovenia with a proposal for a Slovene name (Vrezec et al. 2011). This systematic review of the fauna of bark beetles and pinhole borers offers an opportunity for standardisation and the creation of Slovene names. It is a comprehensive overview of these groups in Slovenia and includes Slovene nomenclature. All 117 species of bark beetle and one species of pinhole borer have been included in the nomenclature. We have also considered existing Slovene nomenclature (Slovene Directory of Invertebrate Names, managed by the Natural History Museum of Slovenia https://www.pms-lj.si/en/collections/invertebrate-collections/). In creating the names, we followed the principles of two-word naming, so we named genus names unambiguously, the species name always corresponds to the Slovene name of the genus. This has also been proposed for birds (Jančar 1999, Vrezec et al. 2017). Morphological, distributional and ecological characteristics of the species were taken into account, as well as existing names in Slovene (Titovšek 1988), Latin and other languages. Reinterpretation of existing Latin species names was also carried out (Bracegirdle & Miles 1971; Bradač 1972; Verbinc 1979; Stearn 1983; Batič et al. 2023) (Table 1).
Table 1: Proposed Slovene names of taxa (family, genus, species) of the weevils (Curculionidae), subfamily bark beetles (Scolytinae) and pinhole borers (Platypodinae) and an overview of existing English, German and current Slovene names.
Latin name | English and German name [European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (EPPO), GRÜNE 1979 (SG), Fauna Europaea (FE), ForestryImages (FI), ResearchGate (RG), Schwenke 1974, Encyclopedia of Life (EOL)] | Proposed Slovenian name |
Scolytinae Latreille, 1804 | bark beetles (FE) Subfamily Scolytinae (EPPO) | podlubniki |
Hylastes Erichson, 1836 | Genus Hylastes (EPPO) | koreninar |
pine bark beetle (RG) schmaler Kiefernbastkäfer (SG) (EPPO) | ozki koreninar | |
black pine bark beetle (FI) schwarzer Kiefernbastkäfer (SG) EPPO | črni koreninar | |
bark beetle (FI) starkpunktierter (Schwenke 1974) Kiefernbastkäfer (SG) (EPPO) | pikčasti koreninar | |
bark beetle (FI) | rjavi koreninar | |
bark beetle (FI) schwarzer Fichtenbastkäfer (SG) (EPPO) | smrekov koreninar | |
bark beetle (FI) | podolgovati koreninar | |
bark beetle (FI) mattschwarzer Kiefernbastkäfer (SG) (EPPO) | temni koreninar | |
Hylurgops LeConte, 1876 | bark beetles (FI) Genus Hylurgops (EPPO) | čokatež |
brown spruce bast borer (EPPO) dunkelbrauner Fichtenbastkäfer (SG) (EPPO) | smrekov čokatež | |
gelbbrauner Fichtenbastkäfer (SG) Fichtenstammbastkäfer (EPPO) | mali čokatež | |
Hylastinus Bedel, 1888 | Genus Hylastinus (EPPO) | grebenar |
bark beetle (FI) Goldregenborkenkäfer (EPPO) | nagnojev grebenar | |
clover root bark beetle (EPPO) clover root borer (EPPO) Kleewurzelborkenkäfer (EPPO) Kleewurzelkäfer (EPPO) | deteljni grebenar | |
Hylesinus Fabricius, 1801 | ash bark beetles (Hylesinus spp.) (FI) Genus Hylesinus (EPPO) | jesenar |
großer schwarzer Eschenbastkäfer (SG) (EPPO) | veliki jesenar | |
/ | beloluskasti jesenar | |
olive bark beetle (EPPO) kleiner schwarzer Eschenbastkäfer (SG) (EPPO) | oljkov jesenar | |
ash bark beetle (FI) ash bark beetle (FI) (EPPO) bunter Eschenbastkäfer (SG) bunter kleiner Eschenbastkäfer (EPPO) ähnlicher bunter Bastkäfer (EPPO) | pisani jesenar | |
Kissophagus Chapuis, 1869 | Genus Kissophagus (EPPO) | bršljanar |
Efeuborkenkäfer (EPPO) | gladki bršljanar | |
Pteleobius Bedel, 1888 | Genus Pteleobius (EPPO) | brestar |
bunter Ulmenbastkäfer (SG) | rjavobetni brestar | |
bunter Ulmenbastkäfer (SG) (EPPO) | črnobetni brestar | |
Dendroctonus Erichson, 1836 | bark and ambrosia beetles (FI) Genus Dendroctonus (EPPO) | orjakar |
great spruce bark beetle (FI) (EPPO) European spruce bark beetle (EPPO) Riesenbastkäfer (SG) (EPPO) | smrekov orjakar | |
Hylurgus Latreille, 1806 | Genus Hylurgus (EPPO) | zbitež |
golden-haired bark beetle (EPPO) holzzerstörender Kiefernbastkäfer (EPPO) rothaariger Kiefernbastkäfer (SG) (EPPO) | dolgodlaki zbitež | |
/ | kratkodlaki zbitež | |
Tomicus Latreille, 1802 | Genus Tomicus (EPPO) | poganjkar |
pine shoot beetle (EOL) | sredozemski poganjkar | |
lesser pine shoot beetle (FI) (EPPO) minor pith borer (EPPO) small pine engraver (EPPO) kleiner Kiefernmarkkäfer (EPPO) kleiner Waldgärtner (SG) (EPPO) rotbrauner Waldgärtner (EPPO) | mali poganjkar | |
Japanese pine engraver, larger pith borer, pine beetle, pine shoot beetle (EPPO) common pine shoot beetle (FI) gefurchter Waldgärtner, großer Kiefernmarkkäfer (EPPO) großer Waldgärtner (SG) (EPPO) | veliki poganjkar | |
| Xylechinus Chapuis, 1869 | Genus Xylechinus (EPPO) | luskičar |
Fichtenbastkäfer (Schwenke 1974) | kosmati luskičar | |
Hypoborus Erichson, 1836 | Genus Hypoborus (EPPO) | poraščenec |
Feigenborkenkäfer (EPPO) | figov poraščenec | |
Liparthrum Wollaston, 1854 | Genus Liparthrum (EPPO) | dvovrstnež |
/ | koščeničev dvovrstnež | |
/ | murvov dvovrstnež | |
Phloeosinus Chapuis, 1869 | Genus Phloeosinus (EPPO) | zobčkar |
cedar bark beetle, Eastern juniper bark beetle, small cypress bark beetle (EPPO) | brinov zobčkar | |
Wacholderborkenkäfer (GS) (EPPO) | dvobarvni zobčkar | |
Phloeotribus Latreille, 1797 | Genus Phloeotribus (EPPO) | ličar |
/ | brnistrov ličar | |
/ | žukov ličar | |
olive bark beetle (FI) (EPPO) europäischer Ölbaumborkenkäfer (SG) (EPPO) | oljkov ličar | |
/ | smrekov ličar | |
Carphoborus Eichhoff, 1864 | Genus Carphoborus (EPPO) | linijaš |
kleinster Kiefernbastkäfer (SG) (EPPO) | mali linijaš | |
kleiner Pistazienborkenkäfer (EPPO) | pistacijev linijaš | |
/ | borov linijaš | |
Polygraphus Erichson, 1836 | Genus Polygraphus (EPPO) | dvojnookec |
small spruce bark beetle (FI) doppeläugiger Fichtenbastkäfer (SG) (EPPO) | smrekov dvojnookec | |
EPPO / | svetli dvojnookec | |
Gnathotrichus Eichhoff, 1869 | Genus Gnathotrichus (EPPO) | pegar |
eastern pine wood stainer (EPPO) Amerikanischer Nadelnutzholzborkenkäfer (EPPO) | ameriški pegar | |
Pityophthorus Eichhoff, 1864 | Genus Pityophthorus (EPPO) | vejar |
/ | balkanski vejar | |
/ | kranjski vejar | |
kleiner Kiefernzweigborkenkäfer (SG) (EPPO) | gladki vejar | |
/ | borov vejar | |
kleiner nordischer Fichtenborkenkäfer (SG) | drobnočrtni vejar | |
fir bark beetle (FI) furchenflügliger Fichtenborkenkäfer (SG) (EPPO) kleiner Fichtenborkenkäfer, sechszähniger Fichtenborkenkäfer (EPPO) | jelov vejar | |
/ | puhasti vejar | |
Cryphalus Erichson, 1836 | Genus Cryphalus (EPPO) | zrnar |
bark beetle (FI) gekörnter Fichtenborkenkäfer (Schwenke 1974) | smrekov zrnar | |
bark beetle (FI) kleiner Lärchenborkenkäfer (GS) | macesnov zrnar | |
fir bark beetle (FI) gekörnter Tannenborkenkäfer (SG) (EPPO)-kleiner Tannenborkenkäfer (EPPO) | jelov zrnar | |
gekörnter Fichtenborkenkäfer (EPPO) | rahločrtni zrnar | |
Ernoporicus Berger, 1917 | Genus Ernoporicus (EPPO) | štrlečkar |
kleiner Lindenborkenkäfer (SG) | kavkaški štrlečkar | |
kleiner Buchenborkenkäfer (SG) | bukov štrlečkar | |
Ernoporus C. G. Thomson, 1859 | Genus Ernoporus (EPPO) | grbičar |
bark beetle (FI) kleiner Lindenborkenkäfer (EPPO) | lipov grbičar | |
Hypothenemus Westwood, 1834 | Genus Hypothenemus (EPPO) | drobnež |
/ | luskasti drobnež | |
Crypturgus Erichson, 1836 | bark beetle (FI) Genus Crypturgus (EPPO) | podaljškar |
kleiner Kiefernborkenkäfer (SG) (EPPO) | borov podaljškar | |
/ | drobni podaljškar | |
/ | valjasti podaljškar | |
kleiner borstiger Nadelholzborkenkäfer (SG) (EPPO) | ščetinasti podaljškar | |
/ | sredozemski podaljškar | |
/ | nomadski podaljškar | |
bark beetle (FI) schmaler Fichtenborkenkäfer (EPPO) winziger Fichtenborkenkäfer (GS) (EPPO) | smrekov podaljškar | |
Dryocoetes Eichhoff, 1864 | Genus Dryocoetes (EPPO) | kosmatinec |
Erlenbastkäfer (EPPO) Erlenborkenkäfer (SG) | jelšev kosmatinec | |
bark beetle (FI) Zottenborkenkäfer (EPPO) zottiger nordischer Fichtenborkenkäfer (EPPO) zottiger Fichtenborkenkäfer (SG) | smrekov kosmatinec | |
/ | stočrtni kosmatinec | |
behaarter Eichenborkenkäfer (EPPO) zottiger Eichenborkenkäfer (SG) | kocasti kosmatinec | |
Lymantor Løvendal, 1889 | Genus Lymantor (EPPO) | ovalnež |
Haselborkenkäfer (EPPO) Haselnuβborkenkäfer (SG) | lešnikov ovalnež | |
Taphrorychus Eichhoff, 1878 | Genus Taphrorychus (EPPO) | bukvar |
kleiner Buchenborkenkäfer (SG) (EPPO) | dvobarvni bukvar | |
/ | bodičasti bukvar | |
kleiner Eichenborkenkäfer (SG) (EPPO) | čelnodlačni bukvar | |
Xylocleptes Ferrari, 1867 | Genus Xylocleptes (EPPO) | dolgež |
Clematisborkenkäfer (EPPO) Waldrebenborkenkäfer (SG) (EPPO) | srobotov dolgež | |
Ips DeGeer, 1775 | Genus Ips (EPPO) | lubadar |
sharp-toothed bark beetle (EPPO) engraver beetle (FI) sechszähniger Kiefernborkenkäfer (SG) (EPPO) | borov lubadar | |
eight-toothed spruce bark beetle (FI) (EPPO) small spruce bark beetle (EPPO) kleiner 8zähniger Fichtenborkenkäfer (SG) kleiner achtzähniger Fichtenborkenkäfer (EPPO) | montanski lubadar | |
large larch bark beetle (FI) (EPPO) achtzähniger Lärchenborkenkäfer (EPPO) großer Lärchenborkenkäfer (SG) (EPPO) | macesnov lubadar | |
norther spruce bark beetle duble-spined bark beetle | dvojnozobi lubadar | |
six-toothed bark beetle (EPPO) großer 12-zähniger Kiefernborkenkäfer (EPPO) großer Kiefernborkenkäfer (EPPO) zwölfzähniger Kiefernborkenkäfer (EPPO) groβer 12zähniger Fichtenborkenkäfer (SG) | dvanajsterozobi lubadar | |
eight-dentate bark beetle, eight-spined engraver, eight-toothed spruce bark beetle, spruce bark beetle, European spruce bark beetle (FI) Ajanfichtenborkenkäfer, Ajanfichtenbuchdrucker, Buchdrucker, großer 8-zähniger Fichtenborkenkäfer (EPPO) Buchdrucker, groβer 8zähniger Fichtenborkenkäfer (SG) | osmerozobi lubadar | |
Orthotomicus Ferrari, 1867 | Genus Orthotomicus (EPPO) | borar |
südeuropäischer Kiefernborkenkäfer (SG) (EPPO) | južnoevropski borar | |
lesser lach bark–beetle (FI) vielzähniger Kiefernborkenkäfer (SG) | mnogozobi borar | |
pattern engraver beetle, vielzähniger Kiefernborkenkäfer (EPPO) langhalsiger Kiefernborkenkäfer (SG) (EPPO) | dolgoščitni borar | |
Kiefernstangenholzborkenkäfer (SG) | ploskozobi borar | |
bark beetle (FI) Kiefernstangenholzborkenkäfer (SG) | mrki borar | |
Pityogenes Bedel, 1888 | Genus Pityogenes (EPPO) | zvezdar |
two-toothed pine beetle (FI) two-toothed pine beetle (EPPO) zweizähniger Kiefernborkenkäfer (SG) (EPPO) | dvozobi zvezdar | |
bark beetle (FI) kleiner Arvenborkenkäfer (EPPO) | krivozobi zvezdar | |
/ | kljukasti zvezdar | |
six-dentate bark beetle, spruce wood engraver (EPPO) six-toothed spruce bark beetle (FI) Kupferstecher(SG) (EPPO) sechszähniger Borkenkäfer, sechszähniger Fichtenborkenkäfer (EPPO) 6zähniger Fichtenborkenkäfer (SG) | šesterozobi zvezdar | |
kleiner Arvenborkenkäfer (SG) | alpski zvezdar | |
bark beetle (FI) vierzähniger Borkenkäfer (EPPO) | štirizobi zvezdar | |
kleiner Schwarzkiefernborkenkäfer (EPPO) | borov zvezdar | |
Pityokteines Fuchs, 1911 | bark beetles (FI) Genus Pityokteines (EPPO) | jelkar |
silver fir bark beetle (FI), silver-fir bark beetle (EPPO) European fir engraver beetle (FE) krummzähniger Tannenborkenkäfer (GS) (EPPO) | krivozobi jelkar | |
fir bark beetle (FI) European fir engraver beetles (FE) mittlerer Tannenborkenkäfer (EPPO) | ostrozobi jelkar | |
European fir engraver beetle (FI) European fir engraver beetles (FE) mittlerer Tannenborkenkäfer (EPPO) | vorontzowov jelkar | |
Scolytus Geoffroy, 1762 | Genus Scolytus (EPPO) | beljavar |
Hainbuchensplintkäfer Hainbuchensplintkäfer, Weißbuchensplintkäfer (EPPO) | gabrov beljavar | |
European oak bark beetle (FI) oak bark beetle (EPPO) Eichensplintkäfer (SG) (EPPO) | hrastov beljavar | |
mittlerer Ulmensplintkäfer (SG) (EPPO) | gladki beljavar | |
apple bark beetle, large fruit bark beetle, larger shothole borer (EPPO) großer Obstbaumsplintkäfer (EPPO) glänzender Obstbaumsplintkäfer (SG) (EPPO) | sadni beljavar | |
smaller European elm bark beetle (FI) lesser European elm bark beetle, smaller European elm bark beetle (EPPO) kleiner Ulmensplintkäfer (SG) (EPPO) | mnogočrtni beljavar | |
kleiner Ulmensplintkäfer (EPPO) Zwergsplintkäfer (GS) | pritlikavi beljavar | |
birch bark beetle, birch sapwood borer (EPPO) großer Birkensplintkäfer (SG) (EPPO) | brezov beljavar | |
apple tree beetle, fruit tree bark beetle, shot-hole borer (EPPO) kleiner Obstbaumsplintkäfer (EPPO) runzeliger Obstbaumsplintkäfer (GS) (EPPO) | brazdasti beljavar | |
large elm beetle (FI) elm bark beetle, large elm bark beetle, large European elm bark beetle (EPPO) großer Ulmensplintkäfer (SG) (EPPO) | brestov beljavar | |
Ambrosiodmus Hopkins, 1915 | Genus Ambrosiodmus (EPPO) | ambrozijar |
/ | rdečevrati ambrozijar | |
Ambrosiophilus Huler & Cognato, 2009 | Genus Ambrosiophilus (EPPO) | ambrozijofil |
mulberry bark beetle (EPPO) | črni ambrozijofil | |
Anisandrus Ferrari, 1867 | Genus Anisandrus (EPPO) | različnež |
European shothole borer, arger shothole borer, pear blight beetle (EPPO) ungleicher Holzborkenkäfer (EPPO) ungleicher Holzbohrer (SG) (EPPO) | vrtni različnež | |
Xyleborinus Reitter, 1913 | Genus Xyleborinus (EPPO) | lesarček |
/ | pikčasti lesarček | |
cosmopolitan ambrosia beetle, lesser shothole borer (EPPO) kleiner Holzbohrer (SG) (EPPO) | mali lesarček | |
Xyleborus Eichhoff, 1864 | Genus Xyleborus (EPPO) | lesar |
/ | topolov lesar | |
gekörnter Nutzholzborkenkäfer (SG) (EPPO) | zrnati lesar | |
/ | borov lesar | |
bark beetle (FI) Eichenholzbohrer, kleiner schwarzer Nutzholzborkenkäfer (EPPO) kleiner schwarzer Nutzholzborkenkäfer, gehöckerter Eichenholzbohrer (SG) | hrastov lesar | |
/ | jelšev lesar | |
Xylosandrus Reiter, 1913 | Genus Xylosandrus (EPPO) | ambrozijevec |
Asian ambrosia beetle (EPPO) | azijski ambrozijevec | |
ambrosia beetle (FI) smaller alder bark beetle (EPPO) japanischer Nutzholzborkenkäfer (EPPO) schwarzer Nutzholzborkenkäfer (SG) (EPPO) | črni ambrozijevec | |
Trypodendron Stephens, 1830 | Genus Trypodendron (EPPO) | lestvičar |
European hardwood ambrosia beetle (FI) Laubnutzholzborkenkäfer, Buchennutzholzborkenkäfer (SG) Buchennutzholzborkenkäfer (EPPO) | bukov lestvičar | |
/ | temnonogi lestvičar | |
striped ambrosia beetle (FI) spruce timber beetle, striped ambrosia beetle, two-striped timber beetle (EPPO) gemeiner Nutzholzborkenkäfer, gestreifter Nutzholzborkenkäfer, liniierter Nutzholzborkenkäfer (EPPO) linierter Nutzholzborkenkäfer (SG) | progasti lestvičar | |
ambrosia beetle (FI) linierter Laubnutzholzborkenkäfer, (SG) Eichennutzholzborkenkäfer (SG) (EPPO) | hrastov lestvičar | |
Platypodinae Shuckard, 1840 | Pinhole Borers Cylinderbaggar (FE) Subfamily Platypodinae (EPPO) | strženarji |
Platypus Herbst, 1794 | Genus Platypus (EPPO) | strženar |
oak pinhole borer, pinhole borer (EPPO) Eichenkernholzkäfer (EPPO) | hrastov strženar |